Phrase details in English grammar

Phrase:- A group of words, which makes sense, but not complete sense, is called a Phrase. It is a group of related words without a Subject and a Verb.A Phrase consists of two or more words lacking a complete sense and a complete verb. It may consist of one or more incomplete verbs – the Infinitives or the Participles standing on their own.

Words/group of words in italics are phrases in examples below:

1).The sun rises in the east.
2). Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall.
3). She wore a hat with blue trimming.
4). The accident on the bridge was not serious.
5). The girl with red hair is an artist.
6). Sasha took a long leave.
7). Holding the toy, the child slept.Noun Phrase
A noun phrase is either a single noun or pronoun or a group of words containing a noun or a pronoun that function together as a noun or pronoun, as the subject or object of a verb.

Examples:
Allthe kids were sleeping.

Theboy in the blue jeans says he’ll do it.

He bought her a beautiful red dress.

Mom baked tastychocolate cookies.

Julia was thinking about her friends back home.

Will you talk with these rude people?

You are atrue hero.

My dog is mybest friend.

Under the Noun phrase comes three another phrase they are:
-Appositive Phrase
An appositive (single word, phrase, or clause) renames another noun, not technically modifying it.
Example:“Bob, my best friend, works here” or “My best friend Bob works here.”

-Gerund Phrase
A gerund phrase is just a noun phrase with a gerund as its head.
Example:“I love baking cakes.”

-Infinitive Phrase
An infinitive phrase is a noun phrase with an infinitive as its head. Unlike the other noun phrases, however, an infinitive phrase can also function as an adjective or an adverb.
Example:“I love to bake cakes.”

Verb Phrase
In simple words, a verb of more than one word is called a verb phrase. It is a phrase consisting of a verb, its auxiliaries (helping verbs), its complements, and other modifiers. Auxiliary verbs always come before the main verb.A verb phrase is a syntactic unit that corresponds to the predicate. There are two types of auxiliary verbs. Inflected auxiliary verbs e.g. be, have, do and Modal auxiliary verbs e.g. will, should, must etc.

Examples:
She kept working like a machine.

They were being exploited.

Mom is making the room.

I came across these old books today.

Take off your clothes and jump in the lake.

Adverbial Phrase
An adverbial phrase (AdvP) is a linguistic term for a group of two or more words operating adverbially, when viewed in terms of their syntactic function.

Example:
I’ll go to bed soon.
Adjectival Phrase
An adjective phrase usually starts with a preposition (e.g., of, in, on) or a participle (e.g., taken, leaving) and follows the noun it is modifying.

Examples:
This is the end of a very long road.
Did you see the man leaving the shop?
Participial Phrase
participle phrase will begin with a present or past participle. If the participle is present, it will dependably end in ing. Likewise, a regular past participle will end in a consistent ed.

Examples:
Dancing under the moon, she found perfect happiness.
Bitten by dog, he limped home in pain. leaving the shop?
Prepositional Phrase

Examples:
There are two children on a sled.
In this garden there are many strawberries.
The woman in the blue coat is looking for her dog.
Absolute Phrase
An absolute phrase modifies an entire sentence instead of a single word in the sentence.An absolute phrase combines a noun and a participle with any accompanying modifiers or objects.